Medical City · Device Lab 10 of 69
Ventilator
A trolley-mounted turbine supplies air, an oxygen inlet supplies enrichment, and a heated chamber conditions the inspiratory gas. A dual-limb circuit returns exhaled gas through the expiratory valve.
- 10 parts
- 2 configurations in the Device Lab
- Also called: Mechanical Ventilator, Breathing Machine
Configurations
The versions in the Device Lab.
ICU turbine ventilator
A trolley-mounted turbine supplies air, an oxygen inlet supplies enrichment, and a heated chamber conditions the inspiratory gas. A dual-limb circuit returns exhaled gas through the expiratory valve.
Transport turbine ventilator
A compact turbine ventilator is secured beside a stretcher. A regulated cylinder supplies oxygen, a battery supplies electricity, and a passive heat and moisture exchanger conditions gas at the patient connection.
How it works
Explore it in the Device Lab.
Resistance and flow
Resistance describes opposition to gas flow. In this pressure-controlled test, the pressure rise and inspiratory duration are fixed. Increasing resistance slows filling, so less volume enters during the available time.
Compliance and delivered volume
Compliance describes how much volume changes for a pressure change. A less compliant load is harder to inflate. Keep the pressure rise unchanged and reduce compliance.
Circuit continuity and leak
A leak provides an unintended path for gas. The simplified model loses delivered flow through that path, reducing effective filling and pressure. Real devices have more complex leak compensation and alarms.
The parts
Part by part.
Ventilator body
The ventilator is a controlled gas-delivery and measurement system. Its case brings together a gas source, valves, sensors, electronics and protective functions.
Display and controls
The display is the operator’s window into set targets, measured values, breath timing and alarms. A target is an instruction; a measured value is evidence.
Air turbine and intake filter
The turbine draws room air through an inlet filter and generates the flow needed by the ventilator. It makes this representative architecture independent of a compressed medical-air outlet.
Oxygen inlet and regulated supply
The oxygen inlet connects the ventilator to an appropriate gas source. In the ICU scene a hose reaches a wall outlet; in transport a regulator connects a secured cylinder.
Gas mixing and inspiratory control
The mixing and delivery assembly brings together room air and oxygen, then controls the gas sent into the inspiratory limb. It is where a requested breath becomes an actuation task.
Inspiratory limb
The inspiratory limb carries conditioned gas from the ventilator toward the patient. Its corrugated wall allows movement, but flexibility does not make it immune to kinking, compression or disconnection.
Expiratory limb
The expiratory limb returns exhaled gas from the Y-piece to the ventilator’s expiratory assembly. Expiration is an active part of the control problem even when the patient’s recoil provides the driving pressure.
Expiratory valve
The expiratory valve controls the outlet through which exhaled gas leaves the circuit. It helps establish positive end-expiratory pressure, called PEEP.
Y-piece and patient connection
The Y-piece joins the inspiratory and expiratory limbs at the common patient pathway. It makes the two-limb circuit one connection near the airway.
Airway tube and securement
The airway tube provides a route from the breathing circuit into the patient’s airway. The external connector and securement are visible here; the internal position is intentionally not presented as a verified clinical placement.
Training cases
Guided training cases.
Circuit disconnected
The patient-side circuit separates and the display reports low delivery. The clinical team is present.
Increased circuit resistance
Delivered volume falls in the pressure-controlled demonstration.
Oxygen supply lost
The turbine continues but measured oxygen enrichment falls.
External power lost
The display reports battery operation during an unexpected unplugging.
Training cases written by BMEssentia for teaching.
Simulations
Where it appears in the simulations.
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